Have you heard about a fish tank helping to hack a casino? Seeing something like this in a movie might have seemed like a contrived plot twist and that’s-too-much vibe. However, it happened in real life, reminding companies about the importance of security testing once again.
People globally have become more dependent on various digital services – from entertainment apps to video conferencing tools, telehealth services, and much more. And the more digitized the world gets, the more dangers await users online.
Engaging security testing providers in the software development process allows building a reliable infrastructure that can withstand a variety of potential dangers. Security testing goes beyond ethical hacking. It entails a quality audit of the SDLC pipeline, revision of company processes and infrastructure, and much more.
In this article, you will learn about one of the popular security testing requests – penetration testing. With penetration testing, companies can:
So let’s find out a bit more about the particularities of penetration testing and how this process goes.
Penetration testing, or simply pen testing, is a cyberattack simulation conducted with some restrictions by ethical hackers. These restrictions are what make a pentest different from an actual attack. They include:
So technically, penetration testing is a rather careful and compromising approach to hacking. Since the specialists don’t pursue malicious purposes, they don’t go all out and respect the organization’s boundaries.
Definition: a pentest (short for penetration test) is an attempt to break into a company’s network to exploit its weaknesses related to technology used, established processes, and a human factor.
Provider: often an external contractor – an outsourced QA company specializing in security testing.
Purpose: to detect vulnerabilities, evaluate the potential risks cybersecurity incidents can cause, and validate the efficiency of the current security measures.
Peculiarities: the team relies on business intelligence and product peculiarities to prepare attack scenarios.
When to run:
Outcomes: gathering actionable insights to prepare countermeasures for real-life attacks – prevent incidents, reinforce security, mitigate the effects of a potential threat, etc.
Value: engaging ethical hackers in testing allows companies to detect different kinds of vulnerabilities and fix these issues before attackers discover and exploit them.
People tend to use the term “penetration testing” as a synonym for security testing, often implying a vast range of other checks. Let’s focus on what doesn’t fall under this category (though can be equally significant for a company).
Each of the mentioned cyber security checks has its value and place in the testing pipeline. Usually, one type of security check complements the other, working best in combination.
If you have a general request for security testing, ask for details – what services a company can provide and what will work best for your case.
If you come with a more specific request – for vulnerability scanning, SAST, compliance check, risk assessment, SDLC audit, or something else – make sure the activity you imply is what actually comes in this service and will be sufficient to assure security at this stage.
To get a better understanding of the penetration testing process, let’s look into approaches to this quality inspection and a typical workflow.
There are several approaches to penetration testing, classified based on the testing specialist’s perspective. To be clearer, a white hat hacker can work with different levels of awareness of the system:
You might have heard about similar approaches in relation to other types of testing – black box, white box, and gray box testing. Which one to use, depends on the approach a security testing provider can offer and/or how much of the information you are willing to share.
Since penetration testing recreates a real attack with some limitations, the focus and mechanics of these two events will differ. As a result, the stages each process goes through are also different.
Stages of penetration testing:
Reconnaissance – exploring software and/or processes to obtain information.
Information analysis and planning attack scenarios.
Attack attempts – putting the scenarios in action.
Report – sharing the result gathered during the attack.
Stages of real cyberattacks (kill-chain):
The differences in execution, however, aren’t a reason to question the efficiency of pentests. Penetration testing enables you to work in proactive mode. Obviously, the cyber security specialists won’t deliver the attack and exfiltrate data. Still, they allow detecting areas prone to breaches, potential delivery scenarios, and ways to protect valuable data.
The findings are concluded and shared with a client’s team. There are several types of documents that provide clear explanations for both technical and non-technical specialists:
Thus, everyone authorized to access the findings will have a report with the necessary information and relevant commentaries to get a clear picture of the company’s security state.
Even not-so-obvious weaknesses and vulnerabilities can lead to significant damage if explored by a malicious user. With well-planned security testing, you get an opportunity to minimize the risks of hacking software or company infrastructure. In the end, taking a proactive approach without having an immediate risk of cyber attack is always a better decision than dealing with the consequences.
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